Fixation Probabilities on Complete Star and Bipartite Digraphs

This paper exactly formulates the kth-order fixation probabilities on complete star digraphs (CSDs), which extend the results from Broom and Rychtář (2008). By applying these probability formulae, some asymptotic properties on CBDs are analyzed, and certain CSDs are determined to be amplifiers of selection for arbitrary relative fitness larger than 1, while all the CSDs are proved to be amplifiers of selection for fixed relative fitness slightly larger than 1. A numerical method for fixed population structure (by solving a linear system) is developed to calculate the fixation probabilities on complete bipartite digraphs (CBDs), and some conjectures are finally given through simulations

An efficient intelligent algorithm based on WSNs of the drug control system

U radu se predlaže novi algoritam, ACORS-ANNDPF za WSNs (bežične senzorske mreže), u svrhu povećanja stope uporabe WSNs i produženja životnog ciklusa Iot-a (Interneta stvari). Razvijen na temelju algoritma kolonije mrava, ovaj se poboljšani algoritam može primijeniti na izbor optimalne putanje i prepoznavanje optimalnog čvora za usmjeravanje u slučaju gubljenja čvora usmjeravanja. Kako bi se smanjilo vrijeme utrošeno na premiještanje skupine mreža, algoritam neuronske mreže odabire pokazatelje u skladu s aktualnim aplikacijskim okruženjem i podešava ih u svrhu optimiziranja podataka skupine. Nakon toga, autor provodi nekoliko simulacijskih eksperimenata i uspoređuje predloženi algoritam s drugim algoritmima. Rezultati pokazuju da se predloženim algoritmom osigurava visoka učinkovitost energije i balansirana potrošnja energije. Prema tome, zaključeno je da se predloženim algoritmom može poboljšati brzina uporabe mreže i povećati prijenosna funkcija mreže.A new algorithm, ACORS-ANNDPF for WSNs, is proposed in this paper to improve the utilization rate of WSNs and prolong the life cycle of the IoT. Developed on the basis of ant colony algorithm, the improved algorithm is applicable to the selection of the optimal path and identification of the optimal routing node in the case of losing the routing node. To reduce the time spent on transferring network packets, the indices are selected by the neural network algorithm in light of the actual application environment and adjusted to optimize the fusion of packet data. After that, the author carries out several simulation experiments and compares the proposed algorithm with other algorithms. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm ensures high energy efficiency and balanced energy consumption. Therefore, it is concluded that the proposed algorithm can improve network utilization rate and lead to better network transmission performance

Tumor-associated macrophages regulate gastric cancer cell invasion and metastasis through TGF beta 2/NF-kappa B/Kindlin-2 axis

Objective: Recent studies have shown that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in cancer invasion and metastasis. Our previous studies have reported that TAMs promote the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer (GC) cells through the Kindlin-2 pathway. However, the mechanism needs to be clarified. Methods: THP-1 monocytes were induced by PMA/interleukin (IL)-4/IL-13 to establish an efficient TAM model in vitro and M2 macrophages were isolated via flow cytometry. A dual luciferase reporter system and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay were used to investigate the mechanism of transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGF beta 2) regulating Kindlin-2 expression. Immunohistochemistry was used to study the relationships among TAM infiltration in human GC tissues, Kindlin-2 protein expression, clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in human GC tissues. A nude mouse oncogenesis model was used to verify the invasion and metastasis mechanisms in vivo. Results: We found that Kindlin-2 expression was upregulated at both mRNA and protein levels in GC cells cocultured with TAMs, associated with higher invasion rate. Kindlin-2 knockdown reduced the invasion rate of GC cells under coculture condition. TGF beta 2 secreted by TAMs regulated the expression of Kindlin-2 through the transcription factor NF-kappa B. TAMs thus participated in the progression of GC through the TGF beta 2/NF-kappa B/Kindlin-2 axis. Kindlin-2 expression and TAM infiltration were significantly positively correlated with TNM stage, and patients with high Kindlin-2 expression had significantly poorer overall survival than patients with low Kindlin-2 expression. Furthermore, Kindlin-2 promoted the invasion of GC cells in vivo. Conclusions: This study elucidates the mechanism of TAMs participating in GC cell invasion and metastasis through the TGF beta 2/NF-kappa B/Kindlin-2 axis, providing a possibility for new treatment options and approaches.Peer reviewe

An Impulse Dynamic Model for Computer Worms

A worm spread model concerning impulsive control strategy is proposed and analyzed. We prove that there exists a globally attractive virus-free periodic solution when the vaccination rate is larger than θ1. Moreover, we show that the system is uniformly persistent if the vaccination rate is less than θ1. Some numerical simulations are also given to illustrate our main results

An Impulse Model for Computer Viruses

Computer virus spread model concerning impulsive control strategy is proposed and analyzed. We prove that there exists a globally attractive infection-free periodic solution when the vaccination rate is larger than θ0. Moreover, we show that the system is uniformly persistent if the vaccination rate is less than θ1. Some numerical simulations are finally given to illustrate the main results

A Stochastic Dynamic Model of Computer Viruses

A stochastic computer virus spread model is proposed and its dynamic behavior is fully investigated. Specifically, we prove the existence and uniqueness of positive solutions, and the stability of the virus-free equilibrium and viral equilibrium by constructing Lyapunov functions and applying Ito's formula. Some numerical simulations are finally given to illustrate our main results

Risk of suicide in patients with thyroid cancer: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction In recent years, the incidence of thyroid cancer has increased manyfold and young adults, who have a greater financial burden and occupational stress, comprise a large number. Previous studies have shown mixed results, even distinct results, on suicide rates among thyroid cancer survivors. As the overdiagnosis and overtreatment of thyroid cancer has gradually become a topical issue, the study aims to summarise the risk of suicide among patients with thyroid cancer to provide robust evidence of the effects of thyroid cancer on suicide.Methods and analysis A total of six databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Google Scholar) will be searched according to MeSH, subheadings, and free words, and the planned search date is 31 Jnauary 2024. The search strategy had three parts, such as suicide, cancer and epidemiological studies, moreover, we will collect the detailed suicide information by reviewers’ extraction. Standard mortality ratio (SMR) was used as the outcome measure, when SMRs were not available, the risk ratio, HR and detailed number of suicides were extracted to calculate the SMRs.Ethics and dissemination The Institutional Review Board of Peking University People’s Hospital provided ethical approval exemption and approved the data collection and subsequent analyses in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki as revised in 2013.PROSPERO registration number CRD42023445542

Magnetic resonance imaging of osteophytic, chondral, and subchondral structures in a surgically-induced osteoarthritis rabbit model.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess changes in osteophytic, chondral, and subchondral structures in a surgically-induced osteoarthritis (OA) rabbit model in order to correlate MRI findings with the macroscopic progress of OA and to define the timepoint for disease status in this OA model. METHODS: The OA model was constructed by surgery in thirty rabbits with ten normal rabbits serving as controls (baseline). High-resolution three-dimensional MRI using a 1.5-T coil was performed at baseline, two, four, and eight weeks post-surgery. MRIs of cartilage lesions, subchondral bone lesions, and osteophyte formations were independently assessed by two blinded radiologists. Ten rabbits were sacrificed at baseline, two, four, and eight weeks post-surgery, and macroscopic evaluation was independently performed by two blinded orthopedic surgeons. RESULTS: The signal intensities and morphologies of chondral and subchondral structures by MRI accurately reflected the degree of OA. Cartilage defects progressed from a grade of 0.05-0.15 to 1.15-1.30 to 1.90-1.97 to 3.00-3.35 at each successive time point, respectively (p<0.05). Subchondral bone lesions progressed from a grade of 0.00 to 0.78-0.90 to 1.27-1.58 to 1.95-2.23 at each successive time point, respectively (p = 0.000). Osteophytes progressed from a size (mm) of 0.00 to 0.87-1.06 to 1.24-1.87 to 2.21-3.21 at each successive time point, respectively (p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: Serial observations revealed that MRI can accurately detect the progression of cartilage lesions and subchondral bone edema over an eight-week period but may not be accurate in detecting osteophyte sizes. Week four post-surgery was considered the timepoint between OA-negative and OA-positive status in this OA model. The combination of this OA model with MRI evaluation should provide a promising tool for the pre-clinical evaluation of new disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs